This is the 10^th article in MacRo’s AI series. This posting discusses how the concepts outlined in last week’s column apply locally, showing how data centers at Quantum Frederick are using state-of-the-art cooling and water-conservation methods to support AI and cloud computing while minimizing strain on local water resources.

In the previous article, we explored why data centers generate heat, how cooling systems work, and why water use has become a focal point in public discussions. With that foundation in place, we can now look more closely at what is actually happening in Frederick County, and specifically at the Quantum Frederick data center campus.

A Modern Generation of Data Centers

The facilities being developed at Quantum Frederick by Rowan Digital Infrastructure and Aligned Data Centers represent a newer generation of data center design. Unlike older facilities that relied heavily on evaporative cooling towers, these projects are being built using state-of-the-art, water-conservative cooling strategies.

Both developers are working within a regulatory framework established by Frederick County and the State of Maryland that limits water allocation, prohibits groundwater use, and requires careful planning through the Adequate Public Facilities Ordinance (APFO).

Rowan Digital Infrastructure: Closed-Loop, Air-Dominant Cooling

Rowan’s buildings – many of which serve Amazon Data Services – are designed around closed-loop cooling systems. In these systems, water circulates internally rather than being consumed and discharged. Heat is primarily rejected through air-cooled or hybrid dry coolers, which dramatically reduce potable water demand.

Water use, where required, is tightly controlled and planned, and systems are designed to operate efficiently across seasonal temperature changes.

Aligned Data Centers: Near-Zero-Water Cooling

Aligned Data Centers is known industry-wide for its Delta³™ adaptive cooling platform, which is designed to operate with little to no ongoing water consumption. Aligned’s approach avoids traditional cooling towers altogether and is optimized for high-density and AI workloads.

This design flexibility allows Aligned’s buildings at Quantum Frederick to support advanced computing while minimizing strain on local water resources.

Oversight and Planning in Frederick County

Importantly, water usage at Quantum Frederick is not open-ended. Any cooling water used must come from approved sources, remain within allocated limits, and comply with state and county regulations. If additional water capacity were ever required, it would trigger further review and approval.

Putting It All Together

When viewed through the broader lens introduced in the first article, Quantum Frederick reflects how modern data center development has adapted to environmental concerns. Rather than relying on legacy cooling models, Rowan and Aligned are deploying efficient, forward-looking systems that reduce water use while supporting the computing demands of AI and cloud infrastructure.

As data centers continue to evolve, Frederick County’s approach – combining advanced technology with thoughtful regulation – offers a clear example of how digital infrastructure and responsible resource management can move forward together.

With more than 50 years advising regional landowners, investors, and institutions, Rocky Mackintosh, Broker of MacRo, LTD has firsthand experience supporting nationally recognized hyperscalers with site search and selection services throughout the Mid-Atlantic. Our team has worked at the interface of land planning, infrastructure analysis, and high-value redevelopment—experience that uniquely informs our understanding of projects like Quantum Frederick.